The change of ulayat land change and occupation is affected by city growth, plus increasing population and increasing community�s demand on land. It is also occurred in West Sumatera, especially in region with increasingly rapid development. Most of ulayat land located in center of the city has been experiencing individualization of ownership.Individualization of ulayat land occurs through mechanism of granting of ganggambauntuakrights as road pacesetter for land registration activities (conversion). Therefore existence of ulayat land in West Sumatera begins to be eroded by the phenomenon.
The objectives of this research are to (a)learn the factor that causing the change of ulayatkaum land ownership; (b)learn the process in the change of ulayatkaum land acquisition which initially occupied communally became land occupied individually; (c) discover spatial pattern of the change of the occupation and use of former ulayat kaum land as well as its conformity with the spatial management.
Research method used was qualitative descriptive method with spatial approach. Data collection technic used in this research was observation, interviews, and documentary study. Data analysis technic conducted was problem analysis to discover the factor causing the change and use of ulayatkaum land, legal analysis on the process of the change of ulayatkaum land occupation and
ownership, and spatial analysis by overlaying the map to withdraw a conclusion in connection with the presented problem formulation. The results of this research are the dominant factors that cause changes in land tenure rights of indigenous
people into private property rights are the internal factors, the process of change of land tenure rights of indigenous people going through the granting of rights ganggam bauntuak, the distribution pattern of ex-customary rights of the identified group and lengthwise following the path impassable area network or roadways, there are some lands that are not in accordance with the RTRW map.
The benefits of this research are legal aspects to provide a review and further review of the legal protection of the communal land of the, in the aspect of information is expected to provide spatial information in the form of digital maps and can be used for policy-making related to land held communally for the Ministry of Agrarian And Spatial / National Land Agency in particular in the Office of Land Administration.
Key Words: Change of Use and Ownership, Ulayat Kaum Land, Conversion, Spatial Analysis.